1461 Vildagliptin Tablets IP 50mg

Vildagliptin is an oral anti-diabetic medication that belongs to the class of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. It is primarily used to manage blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pharmacology

• Mechanism of Action: Vildagliptin works by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, which is responsible for breaking down incretin hormones. By preserving the levels of these hormones, particularly GLP-1 and GIP, Vildagliptin enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and decreases glucagon secretion from alpha cells, thereby helping to lower blood glucose levels 

• Absorption: Vildagliptin is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, reaching peak plasma concentrations approximately 1.7 hours after intake. The absolute bioavailability is about 85% 

Structure

• Vildagliptin is chemically known as (S)-1-[[2-(3-hydroxyadamant-1-yl) amino] carbonyl]-4-methylpyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile

• Its structure allows for specific binding to the DPP-4 enzyme, enhancing its pharmacological effects on glucose regulation.

Uses

• Primary Use: Vildagliptin is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, either as monotherapy or in combination with other anti-diabetic medications like metformin or sulfonylureas 

• Additional Benefits: It helps prevent serious diabetes-related complications such as kidney damage and infections by maintaining stable blood sugar levels 

Dosage

• General Recommendation: The typical dosage for Vildagliptin is 50 mg once or twice daily, depending on individual health needs and responses to therapy 

• Administration: It can be taken with or without food, but should always be taken at the same time each day for consistency 

• Dosage Adjustments: In cases of renal impairment, dosage may need to be adjusted, and it is not recommended for use in patients with moderate to severe liver impairment 

Side Effects

• Common Side Effects:

• Hypoglycemia (especially when used with other diabetic medications)

• Headache

• Dizziness

• Nausea

• Constipation 

• Serious Side Effects:

• Pancreatitis

• Severe allergic reactions (e.g., angioedema)

• Liver enzyme elevation

• Symptoms of low blood sugar such as sweating, trembling, and confusion 

Precautions

• Monitoring: Patients need regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and may require liver function tests due to the potential risk of liver damage 

• Contraindications: Vildagliptin should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. Caution is advised in those with a history of pancreatitis or renal impairment 

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Its safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding hasn't been established, so it should only be used if the benefits outweigh the risks and under medical supervision 

Vildagliptin 50mg Tablets offer an effective approach for managing type 2 diabetes, complementing lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and proper management of diabetes.